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Imperial Harem
The Imperial Harem ((トルコ語:Harem-i Hümâyûn)) of the Ottoman Empire, existing between 1299 and 1923, was the Ottoman sultan's harem composed of the wives, servants (both female slaves and eunuchs), female relatives, and the sultan's concubines, occupying a secluded portion of the Ottoman imperial household.〔"Harem." Merriam-webster.com. Merriam-Webster, Inc., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2013.〕 This institution played an important social function within the Ottoman court, and demonstrated considerable political authority in Ottoman affairs, especially during the long period known as the Sultanate of Women.〔Murat Iyigun, “Lessons From the Ottoman Harem on Culture, Religion & Wars,” (University of Colorado, 2011), 2.〕
The utmost authority in the Imperial Harem was the Valide Sultan, who ruled over the other women in the household and was often of slave origin herself. The Kizlar Agha (Kızlarağası, also known as the "Chief Black Eunuch" because of the black African origin of most aghas) was the head of the eunuchs responsible for guarding the Imperial Harem.
== Etymology ==
The word ''harem'' is derived from the Arabic ''harim'' or ''haram'' which give connotations of the sacred and forbidden. 〔 Joan DelPlato, Multiple Wives, Multiple Pleasures: Representing the Harem, 1800-1875, (Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2002), 9. 〕 The female quarters of Turkish households were then referred to as ''haremlik'' due to their prevailing exclusivity. 〔 Joan DelPlato, Multiple Wives, Multiple Pleasures: Representing the Harem, 1800-1875, (Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2002), 9. 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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